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ISL98003
Data Sheet September 25, 2008 FN6760.0
8-Bit Video Analog Front End (AFE) with Measurement and Auto-Adjust Features
The ISL98003 3-channel, 8-bit Analog Front End (AFE) contains all the functionality needed to digitize analog YPbPr video from HDTV tuners, set-top boxes, SD and HD DVDs, as well as RGB graphics signals from personal computers and workstations. The fourth generation analog design delivers 8-bit performance and a 165MSPS maximum conversion rate supporting resolutions up to UXGA at 60Hz. The front end's programmable input bandwidth ensures sharp, low noise images at all resolutions. To accelerate and simplify mode detection, the ISL98003 integrates a sophisticated set of measurement tools that fully characterizes the video signal and timing, offloading the host microcontroller. Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLCTM) eliminates part-to-part offset variation, ensuring perfect black level performance in every application. The ISL98003's Digital PLL generates a pixel clock from the analog source's HSYNC or SOG (Sync-On-Green) signals. Pixel clock output frequencies range from 10MHz to 165MHz with sampling clock jitter of 250ps peak-to-peak.
Features
* 8-Bit Triple Analog-to-Digital Converters with Oversampling Up to 8x in Video Modes * Fast Automatic Selection of Best Sampling Phase * 165MSPS Maximum Conversion Rate (ISL98003CNZ-165) * Robust, Glitchless MacrovisionTM-Compliant Sync Separator * Analog VCR "Trick Mode" Support * ABLC for Perfect Black Level Performance * 2-Channel Input Multiplexer * Precision Sync Timing Measurement * RGB to YUV Color Space Converter * Low PLL Clock Jitter (250ps Peak-to-Peak) * Programmable Input Bandwidth (10MHz to 450MHz) * 64 Interpixel Sampling Positions * 6dB Gain Adjustment Range * Pb-Free (RoHS compliant)
Applications
* Flat Panel TVs * Front/Rear Projection TVs * PC LCD Monitors and Projectors * High Quality Scan Converters * Video/Graphics Processing
Related Literature
Technical Brief TB363 "Guidelines for Handling and Processing Moisture Sensitive Surface Mount Devices (SMDs)".
Simplified Block Diagram
VOLTAGE CLAMP
OFFSET DAC
ABLCTM
RGB/YPbPrIN0 RGB/YPbPrIN1
3 3 PGA + 8-BIT ADC
COLOR SPACE CONVERTER
8 X3
RGB/YUVOUT
2
H/VSYNCOUT FIELDOUT DEOUT
SOGIN0, 1 HSYNCIN0, 1 VSYNCIN0, 1
HSOUT SYNC PROCESSING DIGITAL PLL PIXELCLKOUT
MEASUREMENT, AUTOADJUST, AFE CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2008. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL98003 Ordering Information
PART NUMBER/PART MARKING (Note) ISL98003INZ-110 ISL98003CNZ-110 ISL98003CNZ-150 ISL98003CNZ-165 ISL98003CNZ-EVALZ TEMP. RANGE (C) -40 to +85 0 to +70 0 to +70 0 to +70 Evaluation Platform PACKAGE (Pb-Free) 80 Ld EPTQFP 80 Ld EPTQFP 80 Ld EPTQFP 80 Ld EPTQFP PKG. DWG.# Q80.12x12 Q80.12x12 Q80.12x12 Q80.12x12
NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
Block Diagram
VOLTAGE CLAMP OFFSET DAC 10 ABLCTM
RIN0 RIN1
PGA
+
8-BIT ADC
8
8
R[7:0]
VOLTAGE CLAMP
OFFSET DAC
10
ABLCTM
GIN1
VOLTAGE CLAMP
OFFSET DAC
10 ABLCTM
BIN0 BIN1
COLOR SPACE CONVERTER
PGA
+
8-BIT ADC
OUTPUT DATA FORMATTER
GIN0
8
8
G[7:0]
PGA
+
8-BIT ADC
8
8
B[7:0] DATACLK DATACLK HSOUT
CLAMPIN EXTCLKIN FBCIN SOGIN0,1 HSYNCIN0,1 VSYNCIN0,1 CLOCKINVIN COASTIN XTALIN XTALOUT DIGITAL PLL SYNC PROCESSING
INT MEASUREMENT, AUTOADJUST, AFE CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL DE FIELD TESTOUT
HSYNCOUT VSYNCOUT
XCLKOUT
SCL SDA RESET
SERIAL INTERFACE
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ISL98003
Absolute Maximum Ratings
3.3V Supply Voltage (VA3.3, VD3.3, VPLLA3.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6V 1.8V Supply Voltage (VA1.8, VD1.8, VADCD1.8). . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5V Voltage on any Input Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5V to 6V Output Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20mA ESD Rating Human Body Model (Per MIL-STD-883 Method 3015.7) . . .3000V Machine Model (Per EIAJ ED-4701 Method C-111) . . . . . . . .250V Charged Device Model (Per EOS/ESD DS5.3, 4/14/93) . . .1200V
Thermal Information
Thermal Resistance (Typical Notes 1, 2) JA (C/W) JC (C/W) EPTQFP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 14 Maximum Power Dissipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2W Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +125C Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . .-65C to +150C Pb-Free Reflow Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range ISL98003INZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40C to +85C ISL98003CNZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0C to +70C Supply Voltage Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3V 10%, 1.8V 10%
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTES: 1. JA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with "direct attach" features. See Tech Brief TB379. 2. For JC, the "case temp" location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside.
Electrical Specifications
Specifications apply for VA3.3 = VD3.3 = VPLLA3.3 = 3.3V, VA1.8 = VD1.8 = VPLLD1.8 = VADCD1.8 = 1.8V, pixel rate = 110MHz for ISL98003-110, 150MHz for ISL98003-150 and 165MHz for ISL98003-165, fXTAL = 25MHz, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified. TEST LEVEL or NOTES MIN (Note 6) TYP MAX (Note 6) UNITS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
FULL CHANNEL CHARACTERISTICS Conversion Rate ISL98003-110 ISL98003-150 ISL98003-165 ADC Resolution Missing Codes DNL (Full-Channel) Differential Non-Linearity ISL98003-110 ISL98003-150 ISL98003-165 INL (Full-Channel) Integral Non-Linearity ISL98003-110 ISL98003-150 ISL98003-165 Gain Adjustment Range Gain Adjustment Resolution Gain Matching Between Channels Full Channel Offset Error, ABLC Enabled Percent of full scale ADC LSBs, over time and temperature (Note 3) 0.5 0.6 0.7 6 10 2 0.5 1.0 2.75 3.25 3.25 LSB LSB LSB dB Bits % LSB Guaranteed monotonic (Note 3) -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 0.35 0.4 +1.0 +1.0 +1.0 LSB LSB LSB 10 10 10 8 None 110 150 165 MHz MHz MHz Bits
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ISL98003
Electrical Specifications
Specifications apply for VA3.3 = VD3.3 = VPLLA3.3 = 3.3V, VA1.8 = VD1.8 = VPLLD1.8 = VADCD1.8 = 1.8V, pixel rate = 110MHz for ISL98003-110, 150MHz for ISL98003-150 and 165MHz for ISL98003-165, fXTAL = 25MHz, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified. (Continued) TEST LEVEL or NOTES (see "Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLCTM) and Gain Control" on page 21) MIN (Note 6) TYP 50% MAX (Note 6) UNITS ADC Fullscale
SYMBOL
PARAMETER Offset Adjustment Range (ABLC Enabled or Disabled)
ANALOG VIDEO INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (RIN0-1, GIN0-1, BIN0-1) Input Range Input Bias Current Input Capacitance Full Power Bandwidth SOG INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (SOGIN0-1) Sync Tip Clamp SOG Pull-Down VIH/VIL Input Threshold Voltage Programmable (see "Register Listing" (Relative to Bottom of Sync Tip) on page 10) Input Capacitance HSYNC INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (HSYNCIN0-1) VIH/VIL Input Threshold Voltage Hysteresis I CIN Input Leakage Current Input Capacitance Programmable (see "Register Listing" on page 10) Centered around threshold voltage 0.4 to 3.2 240 10 5 V mV nA pF 600 1 0 to 0.3 5 mV A V pF Programmable DC-restore clamp off 0.35 0.7 0.01 5 10 to 450 1.4 1 VP-P A pF MHz
DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (ALL DIGITAL INPUT PINS EXCEPT SCL, VSYNCIN0-1) VIH VIL I CIN Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input Leakage Current Input Capacitance RESET has a 65k pull-up to VD3.3 10 5 2.0 0.8 V V nA pF
SCHMITT DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (SCL, VSYNCIN0-3) VT + VTI CIN Low to High Threshold Voltage High to Low Threshold Voltage Input Leakage Current Input Capacitance 10 5 1.45 0.95 V V nA pF
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (ALL OUTPUT PINS EXCEPT INT AND SDA) VOH VOL Output HIGH Voltage, IO = 8mA Output LOW Voltage, IO = -8mA 2.4 0.4 V V
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (INT) VOL Output LOW Voltage, IO = -8mA Open-drain, with 65k pull-up to VD3.3 0.4 V
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (SDA) VOL Output LOW Voltage, IO = -4mA Open-drain 0.4 V
POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS VA3.3 Analog Supply Voltage, 3.3V Includes VPLLA3.3 3.0 3.3 3.6 V
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ISL98003
Electrical Specifications
Specifications apply for VA3.3 = VD3.3 = VPLLA3.3 = 3.3V, VA1.8 = VD1.8 = VPLLD1.8 = VADCD1.8 = 1.8V, pixel rate = 110MHz for ISL98003-110, 150MHz for ISL98003-150 and 165MHz for ISL98003-165, fXTAL = 25MHz, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified. (Continued) TEST LEVEL or NOTES MIN (Note 6) 1.65 3.0 Includes VADCD1.8, VPLLD1.8 1.65 TYP 1.8 3.3 1.8 40 14 Analog Supply Current, 1.8V (Note 4) Digital Supply Current, 3.3V (Note 4) Digital Supply Current, 1.8V (Note 4) Includes 1.8V ADC reference current draw Grayscale ramp input Grayscale ramp input 280 40 65 33 1.8 Total Power Dissipation Grayscale ramp input Standby Mode 0.95 50 MAX (Note 6) 2.0 3.6 2.0 90 25 375 60 95 65 10 1.1 100 UNITS V V V mA mA mA mA mA mA mA W mW
SYMBOL VA1.8 VD3.3 VD1.8 IA3.3 IPLLA3.3 IA1.8 ID3.3 ID1.8 IADCD1.8 IPLLD1.8 PD
PARAMETER Analog Supply Voltage, 1.8V Digital Supply Voltage, 3.3V Digital Supply Voltage, 1.8V Analog Supply Current, 3.3V (Note 4)
AC TIMING CHARACTERISTICS PLL Jitter (Note 5) Sampling Phase Steps Sampling Phase Tempco Sampling Phase Differential Nonlinearity HSYNC Frequency Range fXTAL tSETUP tHOLD NOTES: 3. Linearity tested at room temperature and established across commercial temperature range by correlation to characterization. 4. Supply current specified at max pixel rate (165MHz) with gray scale video applied. 5. Jitter tested at rated frequencies (110MHz, 150MHz and 165MHz) and at minimum frequency (10MHz). 6. Parameters with MIN and/or MAX limits are 100% tested at +25C, unless otherwise specified. Temperature limits established by characterization and are not production tested. Crystal Frequency Range Data Valid Before Rising Edge of 20pF DATACLK load, DATACLK 20pF DATA load Data Valid After Rising Edge of DATACLK 20pF DATACLK load, 20pF DATA load Degrees out-of-phase +360 10 12 1.8 3.4 25 5.6 per step 250 64 1 3 150 27 ps/C kHz MHz ns ns 450 ps p-p
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ISL98003 Timing Diagrams
Data Output Setup and Hold Timing
DATACLK
DATACLK tSETUP PIXEL DATA tHOLD
RGB Output Data Timing and Latency
HSYNCIN ANALOG VIDEO IN DATACLK 8 DATACLK PIPELINE LATENCY R/G/B[7:0] D0 D1 D2 D3
THE HSYNC EDGE (PROGRAMMABLE LEADING OR TRAILING) THAT THE DPLL IS LOCKED TO. THE SAMPLING PHASE SETTING DETERMINES ITS RELATIVE POSITION TO THE REST OF THE AFE'S OUTPUT SIGNALS
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
HSOUT
PROGRAMMABLE WIDTH AND POLARITY
YUV Output Data Timing and Latency
HSYNCIN ANALOG VIDEO IN DATACLK 8 DATACLK PIPELINE LATENCY G[7:0] G0 (YO) G1 (Y1) G2 (Y2) G3 (Y3)
THE HSYNC EDGE (PROGRAMMABLE LEADING OR TRAILING) THAT THE DPLL IS LOCKED TO. THE SAMPLING PHASE SETTING DETERMINES ITS RELATIVE POSITION TO THE REST OF THE AFE'S OUTPUT SIGNALS
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
R[7:0]
B0 (UO) R0 (V0) B2 (U2) R2 (V2)
B[7:0]
HSOUT
PROGRAMMABLE WIDTH AND POLARITY
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FN6760.0 September 12, 2008
ISL98003 Pinout
ISL98003 (80 LD EPTQFP) TOP VIEW
G0 G1 G2 VD1.8 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 VD3.3 B0 B1 B2 VD1.8 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 VD3.3 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 43 44 43 42 41 VD3.3 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 VD1.8 R2 R1 R0 VD3.3 DATACLK DATACLK HSOUT HSYNCOUT VSYNCOUT INT DE FIELD TESTOUT 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
DTEST5 DTEST4 XCLKOUT VD1.8 SCL SDA COASTIN CLAMPIN RESET CLOCKINVIN DTEST3 EXTCLKIN DTEST2 HSYNCIN0 VSYNCIN0 HSYNCIN1 VSYNCIN1 DTEST1 VPLLD1.8 XTALOUT
GND
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Pin Descriptions
SYMBOL RIN0, 1 GIN0, 1 BIN0, 1 VREFRED, VREFGREEN, VREFBLUE SOGIN0, 1 HSYNCIN0, 1 DESCRIPTION Analog inputs. Red channels. AC-couple through 0.1F. Analog inputs. Green channels. AC-couple through 0.1F. Analog inputs. Blue channels. AC-couple through 0.1F. Analog inputs. Reference voltage for ADCs. Tie to 1.8V reference voltage (VA1.8 is acceptable if low noise). Decouple with 0.1F capacitor to GNDA. Analog inputs. Sync on Green. Connect to corresponding Green channel video source through a 0.01F capacitor in series with a 500 resistor. Digital high impedance 3.3V inputs with 240mV hysteresis. Connect to corresponding channel's HSYNC source. For 5V signals divide input with a 1k/1.9k divider. Place the divider as close as possible to the device pin. Place a 50pF capacitor in parallel with the 1k resistor to reduce the filtering effect of the divider. Digital high impedance 3.3V inputs with 240mV hysteresis. Connect to corresponding channel's VSYNC source. For 5V signals divide input with a 1k/1.9k divider. Place the divider as close as possible to the device pin. Place a 50pF capacitor in parallel with the 1k resistor to reduce the filtering effect of the divider. Digital 3.3V input. When this input is high and external COAST is selected, the PLL will coast, ignoring all transitions on the active channel's HSYNC/SOG.
VSYNCIN0, 1
COASTIN
7
VA1.8 VA3.3 VREFRED VA1.8 VA3.3 BIN1 GIN1 VREFGREEN SOGIN1 VA1.8 RIN1 BIN0 VA3.3 GIN0 SOGIN0 VREFBLUE RIN0 VADCD1.8 VPLLA3.3 XTALIN GND CONNECTED TO EXPOSED PAD
FN6760.0 September 12, 2008
ISL98003 Pin Descriptions (Continued)
SYMBOL CLAMPIN CLOCKINVIN TESTOUT RESET XTALIN XTALOUT XCLKOUT SCL SDA EXTCLKIN R[7:0] G[7:0] B[7:0] DATACLK DATACLK HSOUT HSYNCOUT VSYNCOUT INT DE FIELD VA3.3 VA1.8 VPLLA3.3 GND VD3.3 VD1.8 VADCD1.8 VPLLD1.8 DTEST1, 2, 3, 4, 5 DESCRIPTION Digital 3.3V input.When this input is high and external CLAMP is selected, connects the selected channels inputs to the clamp DAC. Digital 3.3V input. When high, changes the pixel sampling phase by 180. Toggle at frame rate during VSYNC to allow 2x undersampling to sample odd and even pixels on sequential frames. Tie to DGND if unused. 3.3V digital output. A delayed version of internal COAST or CLAMP when selected. Digital 3.3V input, active low, 70k pull-up to VD. Take low for at least 1s and then high again to reset the ISL98003. This pin is not necessary for normal use and may be tied directly to the VD supply. Analog input. Connect to external 12MHz to 27MHz crystal and load capacitor (see crystal spec for recommended loading). Typical oscillation amplitude is 1.0VP-P centered around 0.5V. Analog output. Connect to external 12MHz to 27MHz crystal and load capacitor (see crystal spec for recommended loading). Typical oscillation amplitude is 1.0VP-P centered around 0.5V. 3.3V digital output. Buffered crystal clock output at fXTAL or fXTAL/2. May be used as system clock for other system components. Digital input, 5V tolerant, 500mV hysteresis. Serial data clock for 2-wire interface. Bidirectional Digital I/O, open drain, 5V tolerant. Serial data I/O for 2-wire interface. Digital 3.3V input. External clock input for AFE. 3.3V digital output. 8-bit Red channel pixel data. 3.3V digital output. 8-bit Green channel pixel data. 3.3V digital output. 8-bit Blue channel pixel data. 3.3V digital output. Data (pixel) clock output. 3.3V digital output. Inverse of DATACLK. 3.3V digital output. HSYNC output aligned with pixel data. Use this output to frame the digital output data. This output is always purely horizontal sync (without any composite sync signals). 3.3V digital output. Buffered HSYNC (or SOG or CSYNC) output. This is typically used for measuring HSYNC period. This output will pass composite sync signals and Macrovision signals if present on HSYNCIN or SOGIN. 3.3V digital output. Buffered VSYNC output. For composite sync signals, this output will be asserted for the duration of the disruption of the normal HSYNC pattern. This is typically used for measuring VSYNC period. Digital output, open drain, 5V tolerant. Interrupt output indicating mode change or command execution status. Pull high with a 4.7k resistor. 3.3V digital output. High when there is valid video data, low during horizontal and vertical blanking periods. 3.3V digital output. For interlaced video, this output will changes states to indicate whether current field is even or odd. Polarity is determined by configuration register. Power supply for the analog section. Connect to a 3.3V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1F. Power supply for the analog section. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1F. Power supply for the analog PLL section. Connect to a 3.3V supply and bypass to GND with 0.1F. Ground return connected to exposed pad. Power supply for all digital I/Os. Connect to a 3.3V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1F. Power supply for digital core logic. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1F. Power supply for the digital ADC section. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass to GND with 0.1F. Power supply for the digital PLL section. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass to GND with 0.1F. For production use only. Tie to GND.
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Sync Flow
8 8 DECIMATOR 3 CH0 CH1 3 3 165 MHZ TRIPLE 8- BIT AFE 8 8 8-BIT 3X3 COLOR SPACE CONVERTER 8 8 8 OUTPUT FORMATTER DIGITAL OFFSET CONTROL (IF ABLC ENABLED) 8 8 8 DATA DATA DATACLK HSOUT 8 8 DATA
GLITCH FILTER SOG SLICER A SOG0 SOG1 SOG SLICER B HSYNC/ CSYNC FROM SOG OR HSYNC SELECT SYNC SEPARATOR INTERLACED FIELD O/E MV
9
HSYNC SLICER A HSYNC0 HSYNC1 HSYNC SLICER B ACTIVITY MONITOR TRI-LEVEL DETECTION VSYNC SLICER A VSYNC0 VSYNC1 VSYNC SLICER B CH0 AND CH1 SELECT COLOR KEY: ACTIVE VIDEO SIGNAL PATH ANALOG SIGNAL ACTIVE SYNC SIGNAL PATH MONITORING/ SUPPORT DIGITAL SIGNAL AUTO POLLING
FN6760.0 September 12, 2008
MASK
HSYNCOUT
EXTRACTED VSYNC
MASK DIGITAL PLL COAST GEN.
EXT. COAST
ISL98003
VSYNCOUT TRILEVEL VSYNC SELECT TIMING MEASUREMENT
INTERRUPT GENERATION
INT
AUTO ADJUST DE CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR SERIAL I/O XTALOUT
ISL98003 Register Listing
ADDRESS REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) BITS FUNCTION NAME DESCRIPTION
STATUS AND INTERRUPT REGISTERS 0x01 Selected Input Channel Characteristics, (read only) 1:0 SYNC Type 00: Automatic Sync Selection logic could not find good sync on H, V, or SOG (Automatic Sync mode only). 01: SYNC on HSYNC/VSYNC 10: CSYNC on HSYNC 11: CSYNC on Green Channel (SOG) 0: HSYNC Active High 1: HSYNC Active Low 0: VSYNC Active High 1: VSYNC Active Low 0: Bi-level SOG (if SOG is active) 1: Tri-level SOG 0: Non-interlaced or progressive signal 1: Interlaced signal 0: No Macrovision detected 1: Macrovision encoding detected 0: PLL unlocked 1: PLL locked to incoming HSYNC 0: HSYNC0 Inactive 1: HSYNC0 Active - There is a periodic signal with frequency >1kHz and consistent low/high times on this input. 0: VSYNC0 Inactive 1: VSYNC0 Active - There is a periodic signal with frequency >20Hz and consistent low/high times on this input. 00: SOG0 Inactive - No transitions detected at the SOG Slicer output. 01: SOG0 Active - Non-periodic transitions detected at the SOG Slicer output - possibly valid SOG with a bad slicer threshold, or simply video with no valid SOG. 10: SOG0 Periodic - There is a periodic signal with frequency >1kHz and consistent low/high times on this input. This is most likely a valid SOG signal. See HSYNC0 Activity description See VSYNC0 Activity description See SOG0 Activity description Ignore
2 3 4 5 6 7 0x02 CH0 and CH1 Activity Status, (read only) 0
HSYNC Polarity VSYNC Polarity Tri-level Sync Interlaced (Only for CSYNC) Macrovision PLL Locked HSYNC0 Activity
1
VSYNC0 Activity
3:2
SOG0 Activity
4 5 7:6 0x03 Not Used (read only) 7:0
HSYNC1 Activity VSYNC1 Activity SOG1 Activity Not Used
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x04 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) Interrupt Status, Write a 1 to each bit to clear it, 0xFF to clear all. BITS 0 1 2 3 4 FUNCTION NAME CH0 Sync Changed CH1 Sync Changed N/A N/A Selected Input Channel Disrupted Selected Input Channel Changed DESCRIPTION 0: No change 1: CH0 activity or polarity changed 0: No change 1: CH1 activity or polarity changed Ignore Ignore 0: No change 1: Currently selected Input Channel's HSYNC or VSYNC signal has changed (fast notification of a mode change). 0: No change 1: Currently selected Input Channel's HSYNC or VSYNC period or pulse width has settled to a new value and can be measured. 0: Default state 1: VSYNC occurred 0: Default state 1: Phase Adjustment function completed. 0: Generate interrupt if CH0 sync activity, polarity, period, or pulse width changes. 1: Mask CH0 interrupt 0: Generate interrupt if CH1 sync activity, polarity, period, or pulse width changes. 1: Mask CH1 interrupt Set to 1 Set to 1 0: Generate interrupt if selected Input Channel's sync inputs are disrupted. 1: Mask Input Channel interrupt 0: Generate interrupt after selected Input Channel period or pulse width settles to new value. 1: Mask Input Channel interrupt 0: Generate interrupt every VSYNC 1: Mask VSYNC Interrupt 0: Generate interrupt upon phase adjustment block request completion. 1: Mask Phase adjustment interrupt
5
6 7 0x05 Interrupt Mask Register, (0xFF) 0
VSYNC INT PADJ INT CH0 Mask
1
CH1 Mask
2 3 4
N/A N/A Input Disrupted Mask
5
Input Changed Mask
6 7
VSYNC INT Mask PADJ INT Mask
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) BITS FUNCTION NAME DESCRIPTION
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS 0x10 Input Configuration, (0x00) 1:0 Input Channel Select Sets video muxes as well as HSYNC, VSYNC, and SOG input muxes. 0: CH0 1: CH1 2: N/A 3: N/A Set to 0 0: AC-coupled Inputs 1: DC-coupled Inputs 0: RGB inputs (Clamp DAC = 300mV for R, G, B, half scale analog shift for R, G, and B, base ABLC target code = 0x00 for R, G, and B). 1: YPbPr inputs (Clamp DAC = 600mV for R and B, 300mV for G, half scale analog shift for G channel only, base ABLC target code = 0x00 for G, = 0x80 for R and B). Set to 0 0: Internal CLAMP generation 1: External CLAMP source 0: Active high external CLAMP 1: Active low external CLAMP 0: Automatic (HSYNC, VSYNC sources selected based on sync activity. Multiplexer settings chosen are displayed in the Input Characteristics register). 1: Manual (bits 1and 2 determine HSYNC and VSYNC source) 0: HSYNC input pin 1: SOG 0: VSYNC input pin 1: Sync Separator output Red channel gain, where: gain (V/V) = 0.5 + [9:0]/682 MSB/LSB 0x00 00: gain = 0.5 V/V (1.4VP-P input = full range of ADC) 0x55 00: gain = 1.0 V/V (0.7VP-P input = full range of ADC) 0xFF C0: gain = 2.0 V/V (0.35VP-P input = full range of ADC)
2 3 4
N/A DC Coupled Input Enable RGB YUV
5 6 7 0x11 Sync Source Selection, (0x00) 0
N/A EXT Clamp SEL EXT Clamp POL Sync Select
1 2 0x12 Red Gain MSB, (0x55) 7:0
HSYNC Source VSYNC Source Red Gain MSB
0x13
Red Gain LSB, (0x00)
5:0 7:6
N/A Red Gain LSB Green Gain MSB N/A Green Gain LSB Blue Gain MSB N/A Blue Gain LSB Red Offset MSB See Red Gain ABLC off: upper 8 bits to Red offset DAC ABLC enabled: Red digital offset 0x00 00 = min DAC value or -0x80 digital offset 0x80 00 = mid DAC value or 0x00 digital offset, 0xFF C0 = max DAC value or +0x7F digital offset See Red Gain See Red Gain 2 LSBs of 10-bit gain word See Red Gain
0x14 0x15
Green Gain MSB, (0x55) Green Gain LSB, (0x00)
7:0 5:0 7:6
0x16 0x17
Blue Gain MSB, (0x55) Blue Gain LSB, (0x00)
7:0 5:0 7:6
0x18
Red Offset MSB, (0x80)
7:0
0x19
Red Offset LSB, (0x00)
5:0 7:6
N/A Red Offset LSB 2 LSBs of 10-bit offset word
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x1A REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) Green Offset MSB, (0x80) BITS 7:0 FUNCTION NAME Green Offset MSB DESCRIPTION ABLC off: upper 8 bits to Green offset DAC ABLC enabled: Green digital offset (See Red Offset)
0x1B
Green Offset LSB, (0x00)
5:0 7:6
N/A Green Offset LSB Blue Offset MSB See Red Offset ABLC off: upper 8 bits to Blue offset DAC ABLC enabled: Blue digital offset (See Red Offset)
0x1C
Blue Offset MSB, (0x80)
7:0
0x1D
Blue Offset LSB, (0x00)
5:0 7:6
N/A Blue Offset LSB PLL HTOTAL MSB PLL HTOTAL LSB PLL Sampling Phase See Red Offset 14-bit HTOTAL PLL updated on LSB write only. PLL updated on LSB write only. SXGA default Used to control the phase of the ADC's sample point relative to the period of a pixel. Adjust to obtain optimum image quality. One step = 5.625 (1.56% of pixel period). Number of lines the PLL will coast prior to the start of VSYNC. Number of lines the PLL will coast after the end of VSYNC. 0: PLL locks to trailing edge of selected HSYNC (default) 1: PLL locks to leading edge of selected HSYNC 0: CLKINV input ignored 1: CLKINV input enabled 0: Internal COAST generation 1: External COAST source 0: Active high external COAST 1: Active low external COAST 0: Internal pixel clock from DPLL 1: External pixel clock from EXTCLKin pin Pixel after Raw HSYNC trailing edge to begin DC-restore and ABLC. 14 bits.
0x1E 0x1F 0x20
PLL HTOTAL MSB, (0x06) PLL HTOTAL LSB, (0x98) PLL Phase, (0x00)
5:0 7:0 5:0
0x21 0x22 0x23
PLL Pre-coast, (0x04) PLL Post-coast, (0x04) PLL Misc, (0x00)
7:0 7:0 0 1 2 3 4
Pre-coast Post-coast PLL Lock Edge HSYNC CLKINV ENABLE Ext Coast SEL Ext Coast POL EXT CLOCK DC-Restore and ABLC starting pixel (MSB) DC-Restore and ABLC starting pixel (LSB) DC-Restore clamp width
0x24 0x25 0x26
DC-Restore and ABLC starting pixel MSB, (0x00) DC-Restore and ABLC starting pixel LSB, (0x02) DC-Restore Clamp Width, (0x10)
5:0 7:0 7:0
Only applies to DC-restore clamp used for AC-coupled configurations. A value of 0x00 means the clamp DAC is never connected to the input.
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x27 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) ABLC Configuration, (0x40) BITS 0 FUNCTION NAME ABLC Disable DESCRIPTION 0: ABLC on (default) - use 8-bit digital offset control. 0x000 = -0x200 LSB offset, 0x3FF = +0x1FF LSB offset, 0x200 = 0x000 LSB offset. 1: ABLC off - use 8-bit offset DACs, bypass digital adder (add/subtract nothing, but keep same delay through channel). 0: 1/2 ADC fullscale (1 LSB = 0.25 ADC LSBs) 1: 1/4 ADC fullscale (1 LSB = 0.165 ADC LSBs) Number of black pixels averaged every line for ABLC function 00: 16 pixels [default] 01: 32 pixels 10: 64 pixels 11: 128 pixels ABLC Time constant (lines) = 2([5+6:4]) 000 = 32 lines 100 = 512 lines (default) 111 = 4096 lines 0: 4:4:4 (24-bit output) 1: 4:2:2 (16-bit output on G and R) 0: First pixel on R channel is U 1: First pixel on R channel is V 0: U, V filtered (high quality) 1: Odd U, V pixels dropped (lower quality) Should be set to 1 00: Normal operation (1x sampling) 01:2x oversampling, 2 samples averaged at ADC output 10:4x oversampling, 4 samples averaged at ADC output 11:8x oversampling, 8 samples averaged at ADC output In Oversampling mode, the HTOTAL, DC-Restore/ABLC Start, DC-Restore Width, and ABLC width values are automatically multiplied by the oversampling ratio. The pixel clock is divided by the oversampling ratio when the data is decimated. Decimator is reset on trailing edge of HSYNC. 6 RGB2YUV Color Space Conversion Enable 0: CSC Disabled 1: CSC Enabled Note: The data delay through the entire AFE is identical with CSC on and CSC off.
1 3:2
Offset DAC Range ABLC Pixel Width
6:4
ABLC Bandwidth
0x28
Output Format 1, (0x00)
0 1 2 3 5:4
Data Output Format 4:2:2 Order 4:2:2 Processing 8-bit Mode Oversampling
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x29 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) Output Format 2, (0x00) BITS 0 1 2 FUNCTION NAME DATACLK Polarity FIELD output polarity Macrovision DESCRIPTION 0: Pixel data changes on falling edge (default) 1: Pixel data changes on rising edge 0: Odd = low, Even = high (default) 1: Odd = high, Even = low 0: Digitize Macrovision encoded signals (default) 1: Blank AFE output for Macrovision encoded signals. If Macrovision is detected, AFE output is always 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 for RGB, or 0x00, 0x80, 0x80 for YUV. 0: Active High (default) 1: Active Low 0: HSOUT's leading edge is locked to selected HSYNCIN's lock edge. Trailing edge moves forward in time as HSOUT width is increased (default). 1: HSOUT's trailing edge is locked to selected HSYNCIN's lock edge. Leading edge moves backward in time as HSOUT width is increased. 0: XTALCLKOUT = fCRYSTAL (default) 1: XTALCLKOUT = fCRYSTAL/2 0 = XTALCLKOUT is logic low (default) 1 = XTALCLKOUT enabled HSOUT Width in pixels, 0x00 to 0xFF. HSOUT Lock Edge determines whether leading or trailing edge is locked to HSYNCin. 0 = Outputs enabled 1 = Outputs in tri-state 0 = Outputs enabled 1 = Outputs in tri-state 0 = Outputs enabled 1 = Outputs in tri-state 0 = HSOUT, HSYNCOUT, VSYNCOUT enabled 1 = Outputs in tri-state 0 = Output enabled 1 = Output in tri-state 0 = Output enabled 1 = Output in tri-state 0 = Output enabled 1 = Output in tri-state 0 = Output enabled 1 = Output in tri-state 0 = Red ADC operational (default) 1 = Red ADC powered down 0 = Green ADC operational (default) 1 = Green ADC powered down 0 = Blue ADC operational (default) 1 = Blue ADC powered down 0 = PLL operational (default) 1 = PLL powered down
3 4
HSOUT Polarity HSOUT Lock Edge
5 6 0x2A HSOUT Width, (0x10) 7:0
XTALCLKOUT Frequency Enable XTALCLKOUT HSOUT Width
0x2B
Output Signal Disable, (0xFF)
0 1
Tri-state Red Tri-state Green Tri-state Blue Tri-state SYNC Tri-state DATACLK Tri-state DATACLKb Tri-state DE Tri-state Field Red Power-Down Green Power-Down Blue Power-Down PLL Power-Down
Note: All digital outputs are tri-stated by default to ease multiplexing with other AFEs
2 3 4 5 6 7
0x2C
Power Control, (0x00)
0 1 2 3
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x2D REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) XTAL CLOCK FREQ, (0x19) BITS 4:0 FUNCTION NAME Crystal Clock Frequency DESCRIPTION Crystal clock frequency in MHz (decimal). 0x00: Test Mode, Do not use. 0x01 - 0x0A: 10MHz, APLL DIV = 35 (0x23) 0x0B: 11MHz, APLL DIV = 32 0x0C: 12MHz, APLL DIV = 30 0x0D: 13MHz, APLL DIV = 27 0x0E: 14MHz, APLL DIV = 25 0x0F: 15MHz, APLL DIV = 24 0x10: 16MHz, APLL DIV = 22 0x11: 17MHz, APLL DIV = 21 0x12: 18MHz, APLL DIV = 20 0x13: 19MHz, APLL DIV = 19 0x14: 20MHz, APLL DIV = 18 0x15: 21MHz, APLL DIV = 17 0x16: 22MHz, APLL DIV = 16 0x17: 23MHz, APLL DIV = 16 0x18: 24MHz, APLL DIV = 15 0x19: 25MHz, APLL DIV = 14 0x1A: 26MHz, APLL DIV = 14 0x1B: 27MHz, APLL DIV = 13 0x1C: 28MHz, APLL DIV = 13 0x1D: 29MHz, APLL DIV = 13 0x1E: 30MHz, APLL DIV = 12 0x1F: 31MHz, APLL DIV = 12 0x2E AFE Bandwidth, (0x0E) 3:0 AFE BW -3dB point for AFE lowpass filter 0: 9MHz 1: 10MHz 2: 11MHz 3: 12MHz 4: 14MHz 5: 17MHz 6: 21 MHz 7: 24MHz 8: 30MHz 9: 38MHz A: 50MHz B: 75MHz C: 83MHz D: 105MHz E: 149MHz (default) F: 450MHz
0x2F
HSYNC Slicer Thresholds, (0x44) All values referred to voltage at HSYNC input pin, 300mV hysteresis
3:0
Selected HSYNC Threshold HSYNC slicer threshold for selected input channel (only 3 bits used, lowest bit is ignored): 0000 = lowest (0.4V) 0100 = default (1.15V) 1111 = highest (3.2V) Unselected HSYNC Threshold SOG Threshold HSYNC threshold for monitoring unselected inputs. See Selected HSYNC Threshold for values. SOG slicer threshold: 0000 = lowest (0mV) 0110 = default (120mV) 1111 = highest (300mV)
7:4 3:0
0x30
SOG Slicer Thresholds, (0x66)
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x31 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) HSYNC/SOG Config, (0x04) BITS 3:0 FUNCTION NAME Glitch Filter Width DESCRIPTION 0: 16 crystal clocks 1: 17 crystal clocks 2: 1 crystal clocks 3: 2 crystal clocks 4: 3 crystal clocks (default) 5: 4 crystal clocks 6: 5 crystal clocks 7: 6 crystal clocks 8: 7 crystal clocks 9: 8 crystal clocks 10: 9 crystal clocks 11: 10 crystal clocks 12: 11crystal clocks 13: 12 crystal clocks 14: 13 crystal clocks 15: 14 crystal clocks 0: glitch filter enabled 1: glitch filter disabled 0: 40mV hysteresis enabled 1: 40mV hysteresis disabled 0: 14MHz SOG Low Pass Filter Enabled 1: 14MHz SOG Low Pass Filter Disabled 0: Enable 1: Disable 0: Enable 1: Disable Set to 1 Set to 1 0: RGB DB15 (poll for HSYNC, CSYNC, and SOG) 1: Component (poll for SOG only) 0: RGB DB15 (poll for HSYNC, CSYNC, and SOG) 1: Component (poll for SOG only) Set to 0 Set to 0
4 5 6 0x32 Sync Polling Control, (0x00) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 MEASUREMENT REGISTERS 0x40 0x41 HSYNC Period MSB, (read only) HSYNC Period LSB, (read only) HSYNC Width MSB, (read only) HSYNC Width LSB, (read only) 7:0 7:0
Sync Glitch Filter Disable SOG Hyst Disable SOG LPF Disable CH0 Polling CH1 Polling N/A N/A CH0 Connector Type CH1 Connector Type N/A N/A
HSYNC Period MSB HSYNC Period LSB
These registers report a 16-bit value containing the number of crystal clocks inside a 16 consecutive HSYNC period window. This means the 16-bit number will reflect one HSYNC period with 1/16 LSB resolution - the last 4 -bits of the measurement will be fractional. These registers report a 16-bit value containing the number of crystal clocks inside 16 consecutive HSYNC pulses. This means the 16-bit number will reflect one HSYNC pulse width with 1/16 LSB resolution - the last 4 bits of the measurement will be fractional.
0x42 0x43
7:0 7:0
HSYNC Width MSB HSYNC Width LSB
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x44 0x45 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) VSYNC Period MSB, (read only) VSYNC Period LSB, (read only) BITS 3:0 7:0 FUNCTION NAME VSYNC Period MSB VSYNC Period LSB DESCRIPTION These bit report a 12-bit value containing the width of one frame (= 2 fields for interlaced, = 1 field for progressive) of video. VSYNC period for measured channel = 256* VSYNC Period MSB + VSYNC Period LSB Units are either number of HSYNC periods or number of fCRYSTAL/512 periods, depending on setting of VSYNC Units register. 0x46 VSYNC Width, (read only) 6:0 VSYNC Width This register reports a 7-bit value containing the width the VSYNC pulse. The value returned is for true VSYNC only: it does not include serrations, EQ pulses, Macrovision pulses, etc. Units are either number of HSYNC periods or number of fCRYSTAL/512 periods, depending on setting of VSYNC Units register. 8-bit value containing the number of pixel clocks between the trailing edge of HSOUT and the first valid pixel. SXGA default values. 12-bit value containing the number of visible image pixels. SXGA default values. 8-bit value containing the number of lines between the trailing edge of VSYNCOUT and the first valid line. SXGA default values. 12-bit value containing the number of visible lines. SXGA default values. 0: VSYNC measurement reported in units of lines (HSYNC periods) 1: VSYNC measurement reported in units of 512 crystal clock periods 0: New method (Integer count of HSOUTs) 1: Old method (Time measurement with rounding errors)
0x47 0x48 0x49 0x4A 0x4B 0x4C 0x4D 0x4E
DE Start MSB, (0x00) DE Start LSB, (0xF6) DE Width MSB, (0x05) DE Width LSB, (0x00) Line Start MSB, (0x00) Line Start LSB, (0x26) Line Width MSB, (0x04) Line Width LSB, (0x00)
1:0 7:0 3:0 7:0 1:0 7:0 3:0 7:0 0
DE Start MSB DE Start LSB DE Width MSB DE Width LSB Line Start MSB Line Start LSB Line Width MSB Line Width LSB VSYNC Units
0x4F Measurement Configuration, (0x00)
1 AUTO ADJUST REGISTERS 0x50 Phase ADJ CMD FN, (0x00) 2:0
VSYNC_Linecount_Mode
PADJ Function
Note: A write to this register executes the command contained in the three LSBs of the word written. Commands: 000: Reserved 001: Reserved 010: Reserved 011: SetPhase 100: Set DE 101: Reserved 110: Reserved 111: Reserved 0: Phase Adjustment function idle 1: Phase Adjustment in progress
0x51
Phase ADJ STATUS, (read only)
7
PADJ Busy
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x52 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) Phase ADJ MASK V, (0x01) BITS 2:0 FUNCTION NAME PADJ Exclude v2 DESCRIPTION Vertical line mask: How many lines to exclude before the leading edge of VSYNC 000: 0 lines 001: 1 lines (default) 010: 2 lines 011: 4 lines 100: 6 lines 101: 8 lines 110: 10 lines 111: 12 lines
3 6:4
N/A PADJ Exclude v1 Choose how many lines to exclude after the leading edge of VSYNC (typically used to exclude VBI data) 000: 5 lines (default) 001: 18 lines 010: 19 lines (480i) 011: 20 lines (1080i) 100: 22 lines (576i) 101: 25 lines (720p) 110: 41 lines (480p/1080p) 111: 44 lines (576p) If a value of `N' is programmed in this register, 2*N pixels after the active edge of HSOUT will be excluded from data collection. Must be >0 for proper operation. If a value of `N' is programmed in this register, 2*N pixels before the active edge of HSOUT will be excluded from data collection. Must be >0 for proper operation. Enable/disable blue color for measurement 0: enable 1: disable Enable/disable green color for measurement 0: enable 1: disable Enable/disable red color for measurement 0: enable 1: disable
0x53
Horizontal pixel mask 1, (0x01)
7:0
PADJ Exclude h1
0x54
Horizontal pixel mask 2, (0x01)
7:0
PADJ Exclude h2
0x55
Phase Adjust Command Options, (0x20)
0
PADJ Blue Disable
1
PADJ Green Disable
2
PADJ Red Disable
3
PADJ Adjust Search Option Search option for auto phase adjustment 0: best phase 1: worst phase PADJ Adjust Speed This is a hidden bit for customers. It decides whether the search steps are 28 (fast) or 64 VSYNC intervals (slow). 0: 28 VSYNCs 1: 64 VSYNCs 0: phase updated immediately 1: phase updated on VSYNC (default) 0: Normal operation 1: Reset all phase adjust state machines Take high then low to reset phase adjust block Set to 0
4
5 6
Update Phase on VSYNC PADJ Soft Reset
7
Reserved
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ISL98003 Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS 0x56 REGISTER (DEFAULT VALUE) Transition threshold, (0x0A) BITS 7:0 FUNCTION NAME PADJ Threshold DESCRIPTION Threshold of transitions visible for capturing. These are the 8 MSBs of the 8-bit threshold word used for phase quality measurements. The actual 8-bit threshold used equals the value in this register times 4. Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Set to 0 0: Normal operation 1: All three inputs connected to internal ~700mV reference voltage 0: DC-restore clamping and ABLC suspended during Coast and Macrovision (default) 1: DC-restore clamping and ABLC continue during Coast Set to 0 0: Half scale analog shift not added to Blue Channel (UV) 1: Half scale analog shift added to Blue Channel (YRGB) 0: Half scale analog shift not added to Green Channel (UV) 1: Half scale analog shift added to Green Channel (YRGB) 0: Half scale analog shift not added to Red Channel (UV) 1: Half scale analog shift added to Red Channel (YRGB) 0: Midscale determined by RGB/YUV bit in User Control section - settings in 0x60[6:4] are ignored (default). 1: Midscale determined by 0x60[6:4] 0: Dither disabled (default) 1: Dither enabled 0: 4 LSBs (default) 1: 2 LSBs 00: Every Pixel (default) 01: Every HSYNC 10 and 11: Every VSYNC Set to 1 and then to 0 to reset
0x57 0x58 0x59 0x5A 0x60
Phase Adjust Data 3, (read only) Phase Adjust Data 2, (read only) Phase Adjust Data 1, (read only) Phase Adjust Data 0, (read only) AFE CTRL, (0x00)
7:0 7:0 7:0 7:0 0 1
Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 700mV calibration
2
Coast Clamp Enable
3 4 5 6 7
Reserved Blue Midscale Green Midscale Red Midscale Midscale Override
0x61
ADC CTRL, (0x00)
0 1 3:2
Dither Enable Dither Amplitude Dither Increment
4
Dither Seed Reset
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ISL98003 Technical Highlights
The ISL98003 provides all the features of traditional triple channel video AFEs, but adds several next-generation enhancements, bringing performance and ease of use to new levels. inside a monitor or projector can easily change +50C between power-on/offset calibration on a cold morning and the temperature reached) once the monitor and the monitor's environment have reached steady state. Offset can drift significantly over +50C, reducing image quality and requiring that the user do a manual calibration once the monitor has warmed up. In addition to drift, many AFEs exhibit interaction between the offset and gain controls. When the gain is changed, the magnitude of the offset is changed as well. This again increases the complexity of the firmware as it tries to optimize gain and offset settings for a given video input signal. Instead of adjusting just the offset, then the gain, both have to be adjusted interactively until the desired ADC output is reached. The ISL98003 simplifies offset and gain adjustment and completely eliminates offset drift using its Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLCTM) function. ABLCTM monitors the black level and continuously adjusts the ISL98003's 10-bit offset DACs to null out the offset. Any offset, whether due to the video source or the ISL98003's analog amplifiers, is eliminated with 8-bit accuracy. Any drift is compensated for well before it can have a visible effect. Manual offset adjustment control is still available (a 10-bit register allows the firmware to adjust the offset 511 codes in exactly 1/4 ADC LSB increments). Gain is now completely independent of offset (adjusting the gain no longer affects the offset, so there is no longer a need to program the firmware to cope with interactive offset and gain controls). Finally, there should be no concerns over ABLC itself introducing visible artifacts; it doesn't. ABLC functions at a very low frequency, changing the offset in 1/4 LSB increments, so it can't cause visible brightness fluctuations. And once ABLC is locked, if the offset doesn't drift, the DACs won't change. If desired, ABLC can be disabled, allowing the firmware to work in the traditional way, with 10-bit offset DACs under the firmware's control.
DPLL
All video AFEs must phase lock to an HSYNC signal, supplied either directly or embedded in the video stream (Sync On Green). Historically this has been implemented as a traditional analog PLL. At SXGA and lower resolutions, an analog PLL solution has proven adequate, if somewhat troublesome (due to the need to adjust charge pump currents, VCO ranges and other parameters to find the optimum trade-off for a wide range of pixel rates). As display resolutions and refresh rates have increased, however, the pixel period has shrunk. An XGA pixel at a 60Hz refresh rate has 15.4ns to change and settle to its new value. But at UXGA 75Hz, the pixel period is 4.9ns. Most consumer graphics cards (even the ones with "350MHz" DACs) spend most of that time slewing to the new pixel value. The pixel may settle to its final value with 1ns or less before it begins slewing to the next pixel. In many cases, it rings and never settles at all. So precision, low-jitter sampling is a fundamental requirement at these speeds, and a difficult one for an analog PLL to meet. The ISL98003's DPLL has less than 250ps of jitter, peak-to-peak, and independent of the pixel rate. The DPLL generates 64 phase steps per pixel (vs the industry standard 32), for fine, accurate positioning of the sampling point. The crystal-locked NCO inside the DPLL completely eliminates drift due to charge pump leakage, so there is inherently no frequency or phase change across a line. An intelligent all-digital loop filter/controller eliminates the need for the user to have to program or change anything (except for the number of pixels) to lock over a range from interlaced video (10MHz or higher) to UXGA 60Hz (162MHz, with the ISL98003-165). The DPLL eliminates much of the performance limitations and complexity associated with noise-free digitization of high speed signals.
Gain and Offset Control
To simplify image optimization algorithms, the ISL98003 features fully-independent gain and offset adjustment. Changing the gain does not affect the DC offset, and the weight of an Offset DAC LSB does not vary depending on the gain setting. The full-scale gain is set in the three sets of registers (0x12-0x13, 0x14-0x15 and 0x16-0x17). Each set of gain registers is divided into an 8-bit MSB register (0x12, 0x14 and 0x16) and a 2-bit LSB register providing a 10-bit gain value that both allows for 8-bit control compatible with the 8-bit family of AFEs and allows for the expansion of the gain resolution in future AFEs without significant firmware changes. The ISL98003 can accept input signals with amplitudes ranging from 0.35VP-P to 1.4VP-P.
Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLCTM) and Gain Control
Traditional video AFEs have an offset DAC prior to the ADC, to both correct for offsets on the incoming video signals and add/subtract an offset for user "brightness control" without sacrificing the 8-bit dynamic range of the ADC. This solution is adequate, but it places significant requirements on the system's firmware, which must execute a loop that detects the black portion of the signal and then servos the offset DACs until that offset is nulled (or produces the desired ADC output code). Once this has been accomplished, the offset (both the offset in the AFE and the offset of the video card generating the signal) is subject to drift (the temperature
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ISL98003
The offset controls shift the entire RGB input range, changing the input image brightness. Three separate registers provide independent control of the R, G, and B channels. Their nominal setting is 0x8000, which forces the ADC to output code 0x00 (or 0x80 for the R (Pr) and B (Pb) channels in YPbPr mode) during the back porch period when ABLC is enabled. The ISL98003 can optionally decimate the incoming data to provide a 4:2:2 output stream (configuration register 0x28[0] = 1) as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2. YUV MAPPING (4:2:2) INPUT SIGNAL Y Pb Pr ISL98003 INPUT CHANNEL Green Blue Red ISL98003 OUTPUT ASSIGNMENT Green Blue Red OUTPUT SIGNAL Y0Y1Y2Y3 Driven Low U0V0U2V2
Functional Description
Inputs
The ISL98003 digitizes analog video inputs in both RGB and Component (YPbPr) formats, with or without embedded sync (SOG).
Input Coupling
Inputs can be either AC-coupled (default) or DC-coupled (see register 0x10[3]). AC coupling is usually preferred since it allows video signals with substantial DC offsets to be accurately digitized. The ISL98003 provides a complete internal DC-restore function, including the DC-restore clamp (see Figure 1) and programmable clamp timing (registers 0x24, 0x25, and 0x26). When AC-coupled, the DC-restore clamp is applied every line, a programmable number of pixels after the trailing edge of HSYNC. If register 0x60[2] = 0 (the default), the clamp will not be applied while the DPLL is coasting, preventing any clamp voltage errors from composite sync edges, equalization pulses, or Macrovision signals. After the trailing edge of HSYNC, the DC-restore clamp is turned on after the number of pixels specified in the DC-Restore and ABLC Starting Pixel registers (0x24 and 0x25) has been reached. The clamp is applied for the number of pixels specified by the DC-Restore Clamp Width Register (0x26). The clamp can be applied to the back porch of the video, or to the front porch (by increasing the DC-Restore and ABLC Starting Pixel registers so all the active video pixels are skipped). Note: The Tri-level detect for Sync on Green (SOG) utilizes the digitized data from the selected Green video channel. If Tri-level Sync is present, the default DC Clamp start position will clamp at the top of the Tri-level Sync pulse giving a false negative for Tri-level detect and clamping off the bottom half of the green video. If you have an indication of active SOG you must move the clamp start to a value greater than 0x30 to check to see if the Tri-level Sync is present. If DC-coupled operation is desired, the input to the ADC will be the difference between the input signal (RIN1, for example) and ground.
RGB Inputs
For RGB inputs, the black/blank levels are identical and equal to 0V. The range for each color is typically 0V to 0.7V from black to white. HSYNC and VSYNC are separate signals.
Component YPbPr Inputs
In addition to RGB and RGB with SOG, the ISL98003 has an option that is compatible with the component YPbPr video inputs typically generated by DVD players. While the ISL98003 digitizes signals in these color spaces, it does not perform color space conversion; if it digitizes an RGB signal, it outputs digital RGB, while if it digitizes a YPbPr signal, it outputs digital YCbCr, also called YUV. The Luminance (Y) signal is applied to the Green Channel and is processed in a manner identical to the Green input with SOG described previously. The color difference signals Pb and Pr are bipolar and swing both above and below the black level. When the YPbPr mode is enabled, the black level output for the color difference channels shifts to a mid scale value of 0x80. Setting configuration register 0x10[4] = 1 enables the YPbPr signal processing mode of operation.
TABLE 1. YUV MAPPING (4:4:4) INPUT SIGNAL Y Pb Pr ISL98003 INPUT CHANNEL Green Blue Red ISL98003 OUTPUT ASSIGNMENT Green Blue Red OUTPUT SIGNAL Y0Y1Y2Y3 U0U1U2U3 V0V1V2V3
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ISL98003
DC Restoration
V CLAMP CLAMP GENERATION To ABLC Block
Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLCTM ) Loop
Fixed Offset 10
DC Restore Clamp DAC
Offset DAC
10
Offset Control Registers
0x000 10 ABLCTM ABLCTM Fixed Offset 10
ABLCTM
10
R(GB)IN 0 R(GB) GND 0 VGA0 V IN + V IN VGA1
Vref
8
PGA
Input Bandwidth
8 bit ADC
8
8
R(GB)IN 1 R(GB) GND 1
To Output Formatter
Bandwidth Control
FIGURE 1. VIDEO FLOW (INCLUDING ABLCTM)
SOG
For component YPbPr signals, the sync signal is embedded on the Y channel's video, which is connected to the green input, hence the name SOG (Sync on Green). The horizontal sync information is encoded onto the video input by adding the sync tip during the blanking interval. The sync tip level is typically 0.3V below the video black level. To minimize the loading on the green channel, the SOG input for each of the green channels should be AC-coupled to the ISL98003 through a series combination of a 10nF capacitor and a 500 resistor.
Macrovision
The ISL98003 automatically detects the presence of Macrovision-encoded video. When Macrovision is detected, it generates a mask signal that is ANDed with the incoming SOG CSYNC signal to remove the Macrovision before the HSYNC goes to the PLL. No additional programming is required to support Macrovision. The mask signal is also applied to the HSYNCOUT signal. When Sync Mask Disable = 0, any Macrovision present on the incoming sync will not be visible on HSYNCOUT. If the application requires the Macrovision pulses to be visible on HSYNCOUT, set the HSYNCOUT Mask Disable bit (register 0x7A bit 4).
SOG Slicer (Figure 2)
The SOG input has programmable threshold, 40mV of hysteresis, and an optional low pass filter than can be used to remove high frequency video spikes (generated by overzealous video peaking in a DVD player, for example) that can cause false SOG triggers. The SOG threshold sets the comparator threshold relative to the sync tip (the bottom of the SOG pulse). Inside the ISL98003, a 1A pull-down ensures that each sync tip triggers the clamp circuit causing the tip to be clamped to a 600mV level. A comparator compares the SOG signal with an internal 4-bit programmable threshold level reference ranging from 0mV to 300mV above the sync clamp level. The SOG threshold level, hysteresis, and low-pass filter is programmed via registers 0x30and 0x31. If the Sync-On-Green function is not needed, the SOGIN pin(s) may be left unconnected.
Headswitching from Analog Videotape Signals
Occasionally this AFE may be used to digitize signals coming from analog videotape sources. The most common example of this is a Digital VCR (which for best signal quality would be connected to this AFE with a component YPbPr connection). If the digital VCR is playing an older analog VHS tape, the sync signals from the VCR may contain the worst of the traditional analog tape artifacts: headswitching. Headswitching is traditionally the enemy of PLLs with large capture ranges, because a headswitch can cause the HSYNC period to change by as much as 90%. To the PLL, this can look like a frequency change of -50% to +900%, causing errors in the output frequency (and obviously the phase) to change. Subsequent HSYNCs have the correct, original period, but most analog PLLs will take dozens of lines to settle back to the correct frequency and phase after a headswitch disturbance. This causes the top of the image to "tear" during normal playback. In "trick modes" (fast forward and rewind), the HSYNC signal has multiple headswitch-like discontinuities, and many PLLs never settle to the correct value before the next headswitch, rendering the image completely unintelligible.
SYNC Processing
The ISL98003 can process sync signals from 3 different sources: discrete HSYNC and VSYNC, composite sync on the HSYNC input, or composite sync from a Sync-On-Green (SOG) signal embedded on the Green video input. The ISL98003 has SYNC activity detect functions to help the firmware determine which sync source is available.
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ISL98003
CLAMP 600mV
+ -
SLICER DAC 4 600mV TO 900mV
+ -
SLICE
SYNCOUT
10nF GREEN C IN
500 R IN SOG IN
+
1A FILTER ON/OFF HIST ON/OFF
FIGURE 2. SOG SLICER
Intersil's DPLL has the capability to correct large phase changes almost instantly by maximizing the phase error gain while keeping the frequency gain relatively low. This is done by changing the contents of register 0x74 to 0x4C. This increases the phase error gain to 100%. Because a phase setting, this high will slightly increase jitter, the default setting (0x49) for register 0x74 is recommended for all other sync sources.
where GainCode is the value in the Gain register for that particular color. Note that for a gain of 1V/V, the GainCode should be 85 (0x55). This is a different center value than the 128 (0x80) value used by some other AFEs, so the firmware should take this into account when adjusting gains. The PGAs are updated by the internal clamp signal once per line. In normal operation this means that there is a maximum delay of one HSYNC period between a write to a Gain register for a particular color and the corresponding change in that channel's actual PGA gain. If there is no regular HSYNC/SOG source, or if the external clamp option is enabled (register 0x10[7:6]) but there is no external clamp signal being generated, it may take up to 100ms for a write to the Gain register to update the PGA. This is not an issue in normal operation with RGB and YPbPr signals.
Sync Timing Measurement
The ISL98003 analyzes the timing characteristics of the sync signals for the currently selected input channel and presents the results in registers 0x40 through 0x46. The HSYNC period and pulse width values are 16-bit numbers representing the number of crystal clocks in 16 consecutive periods or pulse widths giving a measurement resolution of 1/16th of a crystal clock. The VSYNC period is a 12-bit number representing the number of either HSYNCs or units of 512 crystal clocks that occur in one video frame. The default is to count HSYNC pulses, but setting register 0x4F[0] = 1 changes to the units to crystal clock/512. The VSYNC pulse width is a 12-bit number representing the number of either HSYNCs or units of 512 crystal clocks that occur in one VSYNC. The default is to count HSYNC pulses, but setting register 0x4F[0] = 1 changes to the units to crystal clock/512.
Offset DAC
The ISL98003 features a 10-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) to provide extremely fine control over the full channel offset. The DAC is placed after the PGA to eliminate interaction between the PGA (controlling "contrast") and the Offset DAC (controlling "brightness"). In normal operation, the Offset DAC is controlled by the ABLC circuit, ensuring that the offset is always reduced to sub-LSB levels (see "Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLC)" on page 25 for more information). When ABLC is enabled, the Offset register pairs (0x18 - 0x19, 0x1A -0x1B and 0x1C - 0x1D) control a digital offset added to or subtracted from the output of the ADC. This mode provides the best image quality and eliminates the need for any offset calibration. If desired, ABLC can be disabled (0x27[0] = 1) and the Offset DAC programmed manually, with the 8 most significant bits in registers 0x18, 0x1A,10x1C, and the 2 least significant bits in registers 0x19[7:6], 0x1B[7:6] and 0x1D[7:6].
PGA
The ISL98003's Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) has a nominal gain range from 0.5V/V (-6dB) to 2.0V/V (+6dB). The transfer function is shown in Equation 1: V GainCode Gain --- = 0.5 + --------------------------- V 170
(EQ. 1)
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ISL98003
The default Offset DAC range is 127 ADC LSBs. Setting 0x27[1] = 1 reduces the swing of the Offset DAC by 50%, making 1 Offset DAC LSB the weight of 1/8 of an ADC LSB. This provides the finest offset control and applies to both ABLCTM and manual modes. stable pixel time and thus the sample window in which pixel sampling can be made accurately.
Sampling Phase
The ISL98003 provides 64 low-jitter phase choices per pixel period, allowing the firmware to precisely select the optimum sampling point. The sampling phase register is 0x20.
Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLC)
ABLC is a function that continuously removes all offset errors from the incoming video signal by monitoring the offset at the output of the ADC and servoing the 10-bit analog DAC to force those errors to zero. When ABLC is enabled, the user offset control is a digital adder, with 8-bit resolution. When the ABLC function is enabled (0x27[0] = 0), the ABLC function is executed every line after the trailing edge of HSYNC. If register 0x60[2] = 0 (the default), the ABLC function will be not be triggered while the DPLL is coasting, preventing any composite sync edges, equalization pulses, or Macrovision signals from corrupting the black data and potentially adding a small error in the ABLC accumulator. After the trailing edge of HSYNC, the start of ABLC is delayed by the number of pixels specified in registers 0x24 and 0x25. After that delay, the number of pixels specified by register 0x27[3:2] are averaged together and added to the ABLC's accumulator. The accumulator stores the average black levels for the number of lines specified by register 0x27[6:4], which is then used to generate a 10-bit DAC value. The ABLC can be set to allow the capture of signals below black by setting registers 0x65, 0x66 and 0x67 to a number that will control the target for the ABLC servo loop. If you set register 0x65 to 0x10 then the ABLC will adjust the offset DAC to produce an average output code on the Red channel of 0x10 during the back porch. Effectively, the black level for a given channel will be set to the value of its ABLC offset target register (output = register 0x65, 0x66 or 0x67).
Auto Phase Adjust
The ISL98003 provides the ability to automatically adjust the Sampling Phase to the best setting. Set register 0x50 to 0x03 to activate the auto phase adjust function.
Data Enable (DE) Generator
The ISL98003 provides a signal that is high during the active video time when properly configured. This signal is used by devices such as DVI/HDMI transmitters to gate the active portion of the video and ignore the H and V sync times.
Auto DE Adjust
The ISL98003 provides the ability to automatically adjust the DE to the settings that are very close to ideal. The determination of exactly where on a line the active video starts and ends depends heavily on the video content being analyzed making the DE settings difficult to automate. The customer will be required to fine tune the DE settings after the Auto Adjust routine has completed. Set register 0x50 to 0x04 to activate the auto DE adjust function
HSYNC Slicer
To further minimize jitter, the HSYNC inputs are treated as analog signals, and brought into a precision slicer block with thresholds programmable in 400mV steps with 240mV of hysteresis, and a subsequent digital glitch filter that ignores any HSYNC transitions within 100ns of the initial transition. This processing greatly increases the AFE's rejection of ringing and reflections on the HSYNC line and allows the AFE to perform well even with pathological HSYNC signals. Voltages given above and in the HSYNC Slicer register description are with respect to a 3.3V sync signal at the HSYNCIN input pin. To achieve 5V compatibility, a 1k series resistor should be placed between the HSYNC source and the HSYNCIN input pin and a 1.9k resistor should be placed between the HSYNCIN input pin and ground. Relative to a 5V input, the hysteresis will be 240mV*5V/3.3V = 360mV, and the slicer step size will be 400mV*5V/3.3V = 600mV per step.
ADC
The ISL98003 features 3 fully differential, high-speed 8-bit ADCs.
Clock Generation
A Digital Phase Lock Loop (DPLL) is employed to generate the pixel clock frequency. The HSYNC input and the external XTAL provide a reference frequency to the PLL. The PLL then generates the pixel clock frequency that equal to the incoming HSYNC frequency times the HTOTAL value programmed into registers 0x1E and 0x1F. The stability of the clock is very important and correlates directly with the quality of the image. During each pixel time transition, there is a small window where the signal is slewing from the old pixel amplitude and settling to the new pixel value. At higher frequencies, the pixel time transitions at a faster rate, which makes the stable pixel time even smaller. Any jitter in the pixel clock reduces the effective 25
SYNC Status and Polarity Detection
The CH0 and CH1 Activity Status register (0x02) continuously monitors all 6 sync inputs (VSYNCIN, HSYNCIN, and SOGIN for both of the channels) and report their status while the Selected Input Channel Characteristics register (0x01) gives more detailed information on the currently selected input channel. However, accurate sync activity detection is always a challenge. Noise and repetitive video patterns on the Green
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ISL98003
channel may look like SOG activity when there actually is no SOG signal, while non-standard SOG signals and TriLevel sync signals may have amplitudes below the default SOG slicer levels and not be easily detected. As a consequence, not all of the activity detect bits in the ISL98003 are correct under all conditions. For best SOG operation, the SOG low pass filter (register 0x31[6] should always be enabled to reject the high frequency peaking often seen on video signals.
SYNC Output Signals
The ISL98003 has a pair of HSYNC output signals, HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT, and HSOUT. HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT are buffered versions of the incoming sync signals; no synchronization is done. These signals are used for mode detection HSOUT is generated by the ISL98003's logic and is synchronized to the output DATACLK and the digital pixel data on the output databus. HSOUT is used to signal the start of a new line of digital data. Both HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT (including the sync separator function) remain active in power-down mode. This allows them to be used in conjunction with the Sync Status registers to detect valid video without powering up the ISL98003.
HSYNC and VSYNC Activity Detect
Activity on these bits always indicates valid sync pulses, so they should have the highest priority and be used even if the SOG activity bit is also set.
SOG Activity Detect
The SOG activity detect bit monitors the output of the SOG slicer, looking for 64 consecutive pulses with the same period and duty cycle. If there is no signal on the Green (or Y) channel, the SOG slicer will clamp the video to a DC level and will reject any sporadic noise. There should be no false positive SOG detects if there is no video on Green (or Y). If there is video on Green (or Y) with no valid SOG signal, the SOG activity detect bit may sometimes report false positives (it will detect SOG when no SOG is actually present). This is due to the presence of video with a repetitive pattern that creates a waveform similar to SOG. For example, the desktop of a PC operating system is black during the front porch, horizontal sync, and back porch, then increases to a larger value for the video portion of the screen. This creates a repetitive video waveform very similar to SOG that may falsely trigger the SOG Activity detect bit. However, in these cases where there is active video without SOG, the SYNC information will be provided either as separate H and V sync on HSYNCIN and VSYNCIN, or composite sync on HSYNCIN. HSYNCIN and VSYNCIN should therefore be used to qualify SOG. The SOG Active bit should only be considered valid if HSYNC Activity Detect = 0. Note: Some pattern generators can output HSYNC and SOG simultaneously, in which case both the HSYNC and the SOG activity bits will be set, and valid. Even in this case, however, the monitor should still choose HSYNC over SOG.
HSYNCOUT HSYNCOUT is an unmodified, buffered version of the incoming HSYNCIN or SOGIN signal of the selected channel, with the incoming signal's period, polarity, and width to aid in mode detection. HSYNCOUT will be the same format as the incoming sync signal: either horizontal or composite sync. If a SOG input is selected, HSYNCOUT will output the entire SOG signal, including the VSYNC portion, pre-/post-equalization pulses if present, and Macrovision pulses if present. HSYNCOUT remains active when the ISL98003 is in power-down mode. HSYNCOUT is generally used for mode detection. VSYNCOUT
VSYNCOUT is an unmodified, buffered version of the incoming VSYNCIN signal of the selected channel, with the original VSYNC period, polarity, and width to aid in mode detection. If a SOG input is selected, this signal will output the VSYNC signal extracted by the ISL98003's sync slicer. Extracted VSYNC will be the width of the embedded VSYNC pulse plus pre- and post-equalization pulses (if present). Macrovision pulses from an NTSC DVD source will lengthen the width of the VSYNC pulse. Macrovision pulses from other sources (PAL DVD or videotape) may appear as a second VSYNC pulse encompassing the width of the Macrovision. See "Macrovision" on page 23 for more information. VSYNCOUT (including the sync separator function) remains active in power-down mode. VSYNCOUT is generally used for mode detection, start of field detection, and even/odd field detection.
TriLevel Sync Detect
The TriLevel detect for Sync on Green (SOG) utilizes the digitized data from the selected Green video channel. If TriLevel Sync is present, the default DC Clamp start position will clamp at the top of the TriLevel Sync pulse giving a false negative for TriLevel detect and clamping off the bottom half of the green video. If you have an indication of active SOG you must move the clamp start to a value greater than 0x30 to check to see if the TriLevel Sync is present.
HSOUT
HSOUT is generated by the ISL98003's control logic and is synchronized to the output DATACLK and the digital pixel data on the output databus. Its trailing edge is aligned with pixel 0. Its width, in units of pixels, is determined by register 0x2A, and its polarity is determined by register 0x29[3]. As the width is increased, the trailing edge stays aligned with pixel 0, while the leading edge is moved backwards in time relative to pixel 0. HSOUT is used by the scaler to signal the start of a new line of pixels.
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26
ISL98003
Crystal Oscillator
An external 12MHz to 27MHz crystal supplies the low-jitter reference clock to the DPLL. The absolute frequency of this crystal within this range is unimportant, as is the crystal's temperature coefficient, allowing use of less expensive, lower-grade crystals. As an alternative to a crystal, the XTALIN pin can be driven with a 3.3V CMOS-level external clock source at any frequency between 12MHz and 27MHz. The ISL98003's jitter specification assumes a low-jitter crystal source. If the external clock source has increased jitter, the sample clock generated by the DPLL may exhibit increased jitter as well. 0x02) * The HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT pins (for mode detection)
Initialization
The ISL98003 initializes with default register settings for an AC-coupled, RGB input on the VGA1 channel.
Reset
The ISL98003 has a Power On Reset (POR) function that resets the chip to its default state when power is initially applied, including resetting all the registers to their default settings as described in the "Register Listing" on page 10. The POR function takes 512k Crystal clocks (~21ms at 25MHz) to complete. The external RESET pin duplicates the reset function of the POR without having to cycle the power supplies. The RESET pin does not need to be used in normal operation and can be tied high.
EMI Considerations
There are two possible sources of EMI on the ISL98003, as follows. CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR The EMI from the crystal oscillator is negligible. This is due to an amplitude-regulated, low voltage sine wave oscillator circuit, instead of the typical high-gain square wave inverter-type oscillator, so there are no harmonics. The crystal oscillator is not a significant source of EMI. DIGITAL OUTPUT SWITCHING This is the largest potential source of EMI. However, the EMI is determined by the PCB layout and the loading on the databus. The way to control this is to put series resistors on the output of all the digital pins (as our demo board and reference circuits show). These resistors should be as large as possible, while still meeting the setup and hold timing requirements of the scaler. We recommend starting with 22. If the databus is heavily loaded (long traces, many other part on the same bus), this value may need to be reduced. If the databus is lightly loaded, it may be increased. Intersil's recommendations to minimize EMI are: * Minimize the databus trace length * Minimize the databus capacitive loading. If EMI is a problem in the final design, increase the value of the digital output series resistors to reduce slew rates on the bus. This can only be done as long as the scaler's setup and hold timing requirements continue to be met.
ISL98003 Serial Communication
Overview
The ISL98003 uses a 2-wire serial bus for communication with its host. SCL is the Serial Clock line, driven by the host, and SDA is the Serial Data line, which can be driven by all devices on the bus. SDA is open drain to allow multiple devices to share the same bus simultaneously. Communication is accomplished in three steps: 1. The Host selects the ISL98003 it wishes to communicate with. 2. The Host writes the initial ISL98003 Configuration Register address it wishes to write to or read from. 3. The Host writes to or reads from the ISL98003's Configuration Register. The ISL98003's internal address pointer auto increments, so to read registers 0x00 through 0x1B, for example, one would write 0x00 in Step 2, then repeat Step 3 (28) times, with each read returning the next register value. The ISL98003 has a 7-bit address (1001100) on the serial bus. The bus is nominally inactive, with SDA and SCL high. Communication begins when the host issues a START command by taking SDA low while SCL is high (Figure 3). The ISL98003 continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for the start condition and will not respond to any command until this condition has been met. The host then transmits the 7-bit serial address plus a R/W bit, indicating if the next transaction will be a Read (R/W = 1) or a Write (R/W = 0). If the address transmitted matches that of any device on the bus, that device must respond with an ACKNOWLEDGE (see Figure 4).
Standby Mode
The ISL98003 can be placed into a low power standby mode by writing a 0x0F to register 0x2C, powering down the triple ADCs, the DPLL, and most of the internal clocks. To allow input monitoring and mode detection during power-down, the following blocks remain active: * Serial interface (including the crystal oscillator) to enable register read/write activity * Activity and polarity detect functions (registers 0x01 and
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ISL98003
Once the serial address has been transmitted and acknowledged, one or more bytes of information can be written to or read from the slave. Communication with the selected device in the selected direction (read or write) is ended by a STOP command, where SDA rises while SCL is high (Figure 3), or a second START command, which is commonly used to reverse data direction without relinquishing the bus. Data on the serial bus must be valid for the entire time SCL is high (Figure 5). To achieve this, data being written to the ISL98003 is latched on a delayed version of the rising edge of SCL. SCL is delayed and deglitched inside the ISL98003 for three crystal clock periods (120ns for a 25MHz crystal) to eliminate spurious clock pulses that could disrupt serial communication. When the contents of the ISL98003 are being read, the SDA line is updated after the falling edge of SCL, delayed and deglitched in the same manner.
Configuration Register Write
Figure 6 shows two views of the steps necessary to write one or more words to the Configuration Register.
Configuration Register Read
Figure 7 shows two views of the steps necessary to read one or more words from the Configuration Register.
SCL
SDA START STOP
FIGURE 3. VALID START AND STOP CONDITIONS
SCL FROM HOST
1
8
9
DATA OUTPUT FROM TRANSMITTER
DATA OUTPUT FROM RECEIVER START ACKNOWLEDGE
FIGURE 4. ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER
SCL
SDA DATA STABLE DATA CHANGE DATA STABLE
FIGURE 5. VALID DATA CHANGES ON THE SDA BUS
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ISL98003
START COMMAND
ISL98003 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS R/W
Signals the beginning of serial I/O ISL98003 Serial Bus Address Write This is the 7-bit address of the ISL98003 on the 2-wire bus. The address is 0x98.
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
ISL98003 Register Address Write A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 This is the address of the ISL98003's configuration register that the following byte will be written to. ISL98003 Register Data Write(s) This is the data to be written to the ISL98003's configuration register. Note: The ISL98003's Configuration Register's address pointer auto increments after each data write: repeat this step to write multiple sequential bytes of data to the Configuration Register. Signals the ending of serial I/O
S T O P
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
(REPEAT IF DESIRED)
STOP COMMAND
S T A SERIAL BUS R ADDRESS T 10011000 A C K REGISTER ADDRESS DATA WRITE*
SIGNALS FROM THE HOST SDA BUS SIGNALS FROM THE ISL98003
* The data write step may be repeated to write to the ISL98003's Configuration Register sequentially, beginning at the Register Address written in the previous step.
aaaaaaaa A C K
dddddddd A C K
FIGURE 6. CONFIGURATION REGISTER WRITE
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ISL98003
START COMMAND
ISL98003 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS 0 R/W
Signals the beginning of serial I/O ISL98003 Serial Bus Address Write This is the 7-bit address of the ISL98003 on the 2-wire bus. The address is 0x98. R/W = 0, indicating next transaction will be a write. ISL98003 Register Address Write
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
START COMMAND ISL98003 SERIAL BUS 0 R/W
This sets the initial address of the ISL98003's configuration register for subsequent reading. Ends the previous transaction and starts a new one ISL98003 Serial Bus Address Write This is the 7-bit address of the ISL98003 on the 2-wire bus. The address is 0x98. R/W = 1, indicating next transaction(s) will be a read. ISL98003 Register Data Read(s) This is the data read from the ISL98003's configuration register. Note: The ISL98003's Configuration Register's address pointer auto increments after each data read: repeat this step to read multiple sequential bytes of data from the Configuration Register. Signals the ending of serial I/O
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
(REPEAT IF DESIRED)
STOP COMMAND R E S T SERIAL BUS A R ADDRESS T 10011001 A C K
SIGNALS FROM THE HOST
S T SERIAL BUS A R ADDRESS T 10011000 A C K
REGISTER ADDRESS
DATA READ*
SDA BUS SIGNALS FROM THE ISL98003
aaaaaaaa
S T O AP C K
* The data read step may be repeated to read from the ISL98003's Configuration Register sequentially, beginning at the Register Address written in the two steps previous.
Adddddddd C K
FIGURE 7. CONFIGURATION REGISTER READ
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ISL98003 Thin Plastic Quad Flatpack Exposed Pad Packages (EPTQFP)
E E1
Q80.12x12
80 LEAD THIN PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK EXPOSED PAD PACKAGE MILLIMETERS SYMBOL MIN 0.05 0.90 13.8 11.9 13.8 11.9 0.45 TYP 0.10 1.00 14.0 12.0 14.0 12.0 0.60 1.000 REF. 0.09 0.097 0.150 0.127 0~7 0.17 0.17 0.22 0.20 0.500 BASE 0.080 0.080 0.27 0.23 0.20 MAX 1.20 0.15 1.10 14.2 12.1 14.2 12.1 0.75 REMARKS Overall height Standoff Package thickness Lead tip to tip Package length Lead tip to tip Package width Foot length Lead length Lead thickness
D
D1
9.500 REF
A A1 A2
80
D D1
1
PIN 1
TOP VIEW
E E1 L
12 ALL AROUND 11.9500.100
B
L1 T T1
0.157 Lead base metal thickness Foot angle Lead width Lead base metal width Lead pitch Foot coplanarity Foot position Rev. 0 8/07
B
12.0000.100
Y
a b b1 e
12 ALL AROUND
SIDE VIEW
EXPOSED PAD AREA
ccc ddd NOTES:
REF. 6.000
1. General tolerance. Distance: 0.1000, Angle: 2.5 2. Matte finish on package body surface except ejection and pin 1 marking: Ra0.8~2.0um
BOTTOM VIEW
3. All molded body sharp corner radii unless otherwise specified: MAX. R0.200 4. Package/lead frame misalignment (X, Y): MAX. 0.127 5. Top/bottom package misalignment (X, Y): MAX. 0.127 6. Drawing does not include plastic or metal protrusion or cutting burr.
REF. 6.000
PIN 1
R0.250 TYP ALL AROUND GAGE PLANE 0.200 MIN. 0 MIN. N. MI 80 0 .0 R A2 A ccc
7. Compliant to JEDEC standard MS-026.
0.250
b T b1 T1
c
R0.080~0.200 SEATING PLANE
a
A1
C
e b ddd
L
SECTION B-B
C
L1
DETAIL "Y"
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems. Intersil Corporation's quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 31
FN6760.0 September 12, 2008

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